Uterine Fibroids: Symptoms and Treatment

Uterine fibroids are noncancerous tumors that form in the muscle tissue inside or outside the uterus or within the uterine wall. Many women develop fibroids during their 30s and 40s. The cause for the growths is unknown, but possible contributing risk factors include genetics, changing hormone levels and being overweight. Some cases of uterine fibroids are harmless, while others cause severe pain and long-term side effects.

The compassionate women's health specialists at Beaufort Memorial can diagnose and treat uterine fibroids. Request an appointment.

Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids

Some women with fibroids do not experience any symptoms. When symptoms do arise, they can include:

• Frequent urination
• Fullness in the lower abdomen
• Heavy menstrual bleeding
• Infertility
• Lower back pain
• Pain during sex
• Pregnancy complications

If you have symptoms related to uterine fibroids, your provider can diagnose them during a pelvic exam. He or she may also order imaging tests or a surgical procedure called laparoscopy that involves using a scope to view the uterus.

Treatment for Uterine Fibroids

Because hormones contribute to fibroid growth, your physician may recommend hormone therapy to relieve symptoms. Combination birth control pills, which include estrogen and progestin, can control heavy bleeding and pain during menstruation. Other medications that shrink fibroids are often recommended before uterine fibroid removal surgery.

Uterine Fibroid Removal

Many uterine fibroid removal techniques offer women long-term relief for symptoms, but they may not eliminate fibroids completely. Your provider may recommend one of the following procedures:

• Endometrial ablation: In this procedure, the uterine lining is destroyed, often with extreme heat or cold. Most women who have this surgery experience little to no bleeding afterward. Endometrial ablation is generally reserved for women who are no longer trying to become pregnant because the procedure can make it difficult to conceive.
• Hysterectomy: Complete removal of the uterus is the only true cure for uterine fibroids. Women who are near menopause or do not want to get pregnant could benefit from a hysterectomy.
• Myomectomy: This surgery removes fibroids without harming the healthy tissue of the uterus. There is possibility for fibroid regrowth, but this minimally invasive procedure keeps healthy tissue intact for women who still wish to become pregnant.